Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-12 (of 12 Records) |
Query Trace: Chamberlain AT[original query] |
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Maternal and perinatal health research during emerging and ongoing epidemic threats: a landscape analysis and expert consultation
Bonet M , Babinska M , Buekens P , Goudar SS , Kampmann B , Knight M , Meaney-Delman D , Lamprianou S , Rivas FM , Stergachis A , Toscano CM , Bhatia J , Chamberlain S , Chaudhry U , Mills J , Serazin E , Short H , Steene A , Wahlen M , Oladapo OT . BMJ Glob Health 2024 9 (3) INTRODUCTION: Pregnant women and their offspring are often at increased direct and indirect risks of adverse outcomes during epidemics and pandemics. A coordinated research response is paramount to ensure that this group is offered at least the same level of disease prevention, diagnosis, and care as the general population. We conducted a landscape analysis and held expert consultations to identify research efforts relevant to pregnant women affected by disease outbreaks, highlight gaps and challenges, and propose solutions to addressing them in a coordinated manner. METHODS: Literature searches were conducted from 1 January 2015 to 22 March 2022 using Web of Science, Google Scholar and PubMed augmented by key informant interviews. Findings were reviewed and Quid analysis was performed to identify clusters and connectors across research networks followed by two expert consultations. These formed the basis for the development of an operational framework for maternal and perinatal research during epidemics. RESULTS: Ninety-four relevant research efforts were identified. Although well suited to generating epidemiological data, the entire infrastructure to support a robust research response remains insufficient, particularly for use of medical products in pregnancy. Limitations in global governance, coordination, funding and data-gathering systems have slowed down research responses. CONCLUSION: Leveraging current research efforts while engaging multinational and regional networks may be the most effective way to scale up maternal and perinatal research preparedness and response. The findings of this landscape analysis and proposed operational framework will pave the way for developing a roadmap to guide coordination efforts, facilitate collaboration and ultimately promote rapid access to countermeasures and clinical care for pregnant women and their offspring in future epidemics. |
Vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 related hospitalizations in people who had experienced homelessness or incarceration - findings from the Minnesota EHR Consortium
DeSilva MB , Knowlton G , Rai NK , Bodurtha P , Essien I , Riddles J , Mehari L , Muscoplat M , Lynfield R , Rowley EA , Chamberlain AM , Patel P , Hughes A , Dickerson M , Thompson MG , Griggs EP , Tenforde M , Winkelman TN , Benitez GV , Drawz PE . J Community Health 2023 COVID-19 disproportionately affects people experiencing homelessness or incarceration. While homelessness or incarceration alone may not impact vaccine effectiveness, medical comorbidities along with social conditions associated with homelessness or incarceration may impact estimated vaccine effectiveness. COVID-19 vaccines reduce rates of hospitalization and death; vaccine effectiveness (VE) against severe outcomes in people experiencing homelessness or incarceration is unknown. We conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study evaluating COVID-19 vaccine VE against SARS-CoV-2 related hospitalization (positive SARS-CoV-2 molecular test same week or within 3 weeks prior to hospital admission) among patients who had experienced homelessness or incarceration. We utilized data from 8 health systems in the Minnesota Electronic Health Record Consortium linked to data from Minnesota's immunization information system, Homeless Management Information System, and Department of Corrections. We included patients 18 years and older with a history of experiencing homelessness or incarceration. VE and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) against SARS-CoV-2 hospitalization were estimated for primary series and one booster dose from Cox proportional hazard models as 100*(1-Hazard Ratio) during August 26, 2021, through October 8, 2022 adjusting for patient age, sex, comorbid medical conditions, and race/ethnicity. We included 80,051 individuals who had experienced homelessness or incarceration. Adjusted VE was 52% (95% CI, 41-60%) among those 22 weeks or more since their primary series, 66% (95% CI, 53-75%) among those less than 22 weeks since their primary series, and 69% (95% CI: 60-76%) among those with one booster. VE estimates were consistently lower during the Omicron predominance period compared with the combined Omicron and Delta periods. Despite higher exposure risk, COVID-19 vaccines provided good effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 related hospitalizations in persons who have experienced homelessness or incarceration. |
Multimorbidity in systemic lupus erythematosus in a population-based cohort: the lupus Midwest network
Figueroa-Parra G , Meade-Aguilar JA , Hulshizer CA , Gunderson TM , Chamberlain AM , Thanarajasingam U , Greenlund KJ , Barbour KE , Crowson CS , Duarte-García A . Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023 OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence and incidence of multimorbidity and the association with the SLICC/ACR damage index (SDI) among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: Using prevalent and incident population-based cohorts of patients with SLE and their matched comparators, we assessed 57 chronic conditions. Chronic conditions were categorized as SDI-related or SDI-unrelated. Multimorbidity was defined as the presence of 2+ chronic conditions. Multimorbidity at prevalence and incidence/index was compared between cohorts using logistic regression. Cox models were used to examine development of multimorbidity after SLE incidence. RESULTS: The prevalent cohort included 449 patients with established SLE on January 1, 2015. They were three times more likely to have multimorbidity compared with non-SLE comparators (OR 2.98, 95% CI 2.18-4.11). The incident cohort included 270 patients with new-onset SLE. At SLE incidence, patients with SLE were more likely to have multimorbidity than comparators (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.59-3.27). After incidence, the risk of developing multimorbidity was 2-fold higher among patients with SLE than comparators (hazard ratio (HR) 2.11, 95% CI 1.59-2.80). Development of multimorbidity was higher in patients with SLE based on SDI-related (HR 2.91, 95% CI 2.17-3.88) and SDI-unrelated conditions (HR 1.73, 95% CI, 1.32-2.26). CONCLUSION: Patients with SLE have a higher burden of multimorbidity, even before the onset of the disease. The risk disparity continues after SLE classification and is also seen in a prevalent SLE cohort. Multimorbidity is driven both by SDI-related and unrelated conditions. |
Health care utilization in systemic lupus erythematosus in the community: The Lupus Midwest Network
Chevet B , Figueroa-Parra G , Valenzuela-Almada MO , Hocaoglu M , Vallejo S , Osei-Onomah SA , Giblon RE , Dabit JY , Chamberlain AM , Cornec D , Greenlund KJ , Barbour KE , Crowson CS , Duarte-García A . J Clin Rheumatol 2022 29 (1) 29-35 OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine inpatient health care utilization in an incident cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared with the general population. METHODS: This was a population-based cohort study in the upper Midwest, United States. We included patients fulfilling the European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology SLE classification criteria between 1995 and 2018. They were 1:1 age-, sex-, county-matched with individuals without SLE. All hospital admissions and emergency department (ED) visits were electronically retrieved for 1995-2020. Rates for hospital admission, length of stay, readmission, ED visits, and discharge destination were compared between groups. RESULTS: Three hundred forty-one patients with SLE and 341 comparators without SLE were included (mean age, 48.6 years at diagnosis; 79.2% female). Rates of hospitalization for patients with SLE and comparators were 29.8 and 9.9 per 100 person-years, respectively. These differences were present across sexes and age groups. Hospitalization rates were higher in patients with SLE after diagnosis and remained higher than comparators for the first 15 years of the disease. Patients with SLE were more likely than comparators to visit the ED (hazard ratio, 2.71; 95% confidence interval, 2.05-3.59). Readmission rates (32% vs. 21%, p = 0.017) were higher in patients with SLE. Length of stay and discharge destination were similar between both groups. CONCLUSION: Patients with SLE were more likely to be hospitalized and to visit the ED than individuals without SLE, highlighting important inpatient care needs. Increased hospitalization rates were observed in both male and female patients and all age groups. |
ObsPlus: A Pandas-centric ObsPy expansion pack
Chambers DJA , Boltz MS , Chamberlain CJ . J Open Source Softw 2021 6 (60) Over the past decade, ObsPy, a python framework for seismology (Krischer et al., 2015), has become an integral part of many seismology research workflows. ObsPy provides parsers for most seismological data formats, clients for accessing data-centers, common signal processing routines, and event, station, and waveform data models. ObsPlus significantly expands ObsPy's functionality by providing simple data management abstractions and conversions between ObsPy classes and the ubiquitous pandas DataFrame (McKinney, 2010). |
Assessment of US Public School District Policies for Pandemic Preparedness and Implications for COVID-19 Response Activities.
Kersten CA , Chamberlain AT , Jones SE , Uzicanin A , Ahmed F . Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2021 16 (4) 1362-1368 Objectives: To describe school district preparedness for school closures and other relevant strategies before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: A stratified random sample of 957 public school districts from the 50 US states and the District of Columbia were surveyed between October 2015 and August 2016. The response rates for the questionnaires were as follows: Healthy and Safe School Environment, Crisis Preparedness Module (60%; N = 572), Nutrition Services (63%; N = 599), and Health Services (64%; N = 613). Data were analyzed using descriptive and regression techniques. Results: Most school districts had procedures that would facilitate the implementation of school closures (88.7%). Fewer districts had plans for ensuring continuity of education (43.0%) or feeding students during closure (33.8%). The prevalence of continuity of education plans was lower in the Midwest than the Northeast (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51-0.90). Presence of plans for feeding students was higher in high-poverty than low-poverty districts (aPR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.01-1.99) and in large districts than small districts (aPR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.37-3.09). Conclusions: Understanding factors associated with having comprehensive emergency plans could help decision makers to target assistance during the current COVID-19 pandemic and for future planning purposes. © 2020 Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc. |
2020 taxonomic update for phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales.
Kuhn JH , Adkins S , Alioto D , Alkhovsky SV , Amarasinghe GK , Anthony SJ , Avšič-Županc T , Ayllón MA , Bahl J , Balkema-Buschmann A , Ballinger MJ , Bartonička T , Basler C , Bavari S , Beer M , Bente DA , Bergeron É , Bird BH , Blair C , Blasdell KR , Bradfute SB , Breyta R , Briese T , Brown PA , Buchholz UJ , Buchmeier MJ , Bukreyev A , Burt F , Buzkan N , Calisher CH , Cao M , Casas I , Chamberlain J , Chandran K , Charrel RN , Chen B , Chiumenti M , Choi IR , Clegg JCS , Crozier I , da Graça JV , Dal Bó E , Dávila AMR , de la Torre JC , de Lamballerie X , de Swart RL , Di Bello PL , Di Paola N , Di Serio F , Dietzgen RG , Digiaro M , Dolja VV , Dolnik O , Drebot MA , Drexler JF , Dürrwald R , Dufkova L , Dundon WG , Duprex WP , Dye JM , Easton AJ , Ebihara H , Elbeaino T , Ergünay K , Fernandes J , Fooks AR , Formenty PBH , Forth LF , Fouchier RAM , Freitas-Astúa J , Gago-Zachert S , Gāo GF , García ML , García-Sastre A , Garrison AR , Gbakima A , Goldstein T , Gonzalez JJ , Griffiths A , Groschup MH , Günther S , Guterres A , Hall RA , Hammond J , Hassan M , Hepojoki J , Hepojoki S , Hetzel U , Hewson R , Hoffmann B , Hongo S , Höper D , Horie M , Hughes HR , Hyndman TH , Jambai A , Jardim R , Jiāng D , Jin Q , Jonson GB , Junglen S , Karadağ S , Keller KE , Klempa B , Klingström J , Kobinger G , Kondō H , Koonin EV , Krupovic M , Kurath G , Kuzmin IV , Laenen L , Lamb RA , Lambert AJ , Langevin SL , Lee B , Lemos ERS , Leroy EM , Li D , Lǐ J , Liang M , Liú W , Liú Y , Lukashevich IS , Maes P , Marciel de Souza W , Marklewitz M , Marshall SH , Martelli GP , Martin RR , Marzano SL , Massart S , McCauley JW , Mielke-Ehret N , Minafra A , Minutolo M , Mirazimi A , Mühlbach HP , Mühlberger E , Naidu R , Natsuaki T , Navarro B , Navarro JA , Netesov SV , Neumann G , Nowotny N , Nunes MRT , Nylund A , Økland AL , Oliveira RC , Palacios G , Pallas V , Pályi B , Papa A , Parrish CR , Pauvolid-Corrêa A , Pawęska JT , Payne S , Pérez DR , Pfaff F , Radoshitzky SR , Rahman AU , Ramos-González PL , Resende RO , Reyes CA , Rima BK , Romanowski V , Robles Luna G , Rota P , Rubbenstroth D , Runstadler JA , Ruzek D , Sabanadzovic S , Salát J , Sall AA , Salvato MS , Sarpkaya K , Sasaya T , Schwemmle M , Shabbir MZ , Shí X , Shí Z , Shirako Y , Simmonds P , Širmarová J , Sironi M , Smither S , Smura T , Song JW , Spann KM , Spengler JR , Stenglein MD , Stone DM , Straková P , Takada A , Tesh RB , Thornburg NJ , Tomonaga K , Tordo N , Towner JS , Turina M , Tzanetakis I , Ulrich RG , Vaira AM , van den Hoogen B , Varsani A , Vasilakis N , Verbeek M , Wahl V , Walker PJ , Wang H , Wang J , Wang X , Wang LF , Wèi T , Wells H , Whitfield AE , Williams JV , Wolf YI , Wú Z , Yang X , Yáng X , Yu X , Yutin N , Zerbini FM , Zhang T , Zhang YZ , Zhou G , Zhou X . Arch Virol 2020 165 (12) 3023-3072 In March 2020, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. At the genus rank, 20 new genera were added, two were deleted, one was moved, and three were renamed. At the species rank, 160 species were added, four were deleted, ten were moved and renamed, and 30 species were renamed. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV. |
The 6 E framework of public health preparedness for mass gatherings - lessons learned from Super Bowl LIII, Fulton County, Georgia, 2019
Murthy NC , Holland DP , Chamberlain AT , Smith S , Callahan J , Smith W . J Public Health Manag Pract 2020 27 (5) E197-E204 CONTEXT: On February 3, 2019, Atlanta, Georgia, hosted Super Bowl LIII, which is classified as a National Special Security Event. The festivities comprising this major sporting event brought approximately half a million people to Atlanta, which posed significant challenges to the local public health community. As the lead local agency for public health planning, preparedness, and response efforts, Fulton County Board of Health (FCBOH) needed to address multiple specific tasks based on core functional areas outlined in the Emergency Support Function (ESF) 8 (eg, bioterrorism preparedness and epidemiological surveillance). PROGRAM: To prepare for the Super Bowl, FCBOH developed a systematic approach to ensure community-wide public health preparedness for mass gatherings. This approach came to be known as the 6 E framework, which consists of (1) engaging stakeholders, (2) examining current capabilities and identifying gaps, (3) establishing roles and responsibilities, (4) executing plans to fill gaps, (5) exercising plans, and (6) evaluating impact. IMPLEMENTATION: We define each step of the 6 E framework and present practical examples of how FCBOH implemented each step when preparing for the Super Bowl. Challenges that FCBOH faced and the lessons learned in the process are illustrated. The 6 E framework provides a systematic approach to community preparedness and allows local health departments to tailor the approach to serve local public health needs. EVALUATION: The successful implementation of the 6 E framework allowed for stakeholders at the federal, state, and local levels (including law enforcement) to effectively coordinate an epidemiological investigation and response when 4 staff members reported gastrointestinal symptoms after eating at a feeding station. DISCUSSION: Preparation for the Super Bowl required months of diligent cross-sectoral and cross-jurisdictional partnership building, and the 6 E framework can help other local public health jurisdictions prepare to host major mass gatherings. |
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2018 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Benjamin EJ , Virani SS , Callaway CW , Chamberlain AM , Chang AR , Cheng S , Chiuve SE , Cushman M , Delling FN , Deo R , de Ferranti SD , Ferguson JF , Fornage M , Gillespie C , Isasi CR , Jiménez MC , Jordan LC , Judd SE , Lackland D , Lichtman JH , Lisabeth L , Liu S , Longenecker CT , Lutsey PL , Mackey JS , Matchar DB , Matsushita K , Mussolino ME , Nasir K , O'Flaherty M , Palaniappan LP , Pandey A , Pandey DK , Reeves MJ , Ritchey MD , Rodriguez CJ , Roth GA , Rosamond WD , Sampson UKA , Satou GM , Shah SH , Spartano NL , Tirschwell DL , Tsao CW , Voeks JH , Willey JZ , Wilkins JT , Wu JH , Alger HM , Wong SS , Muntner P . Circulation 2018 137 (12) e67-e492 Each year, the American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together in a single document the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and the cardiovascular risk factors listed in the AHA’s My Life Check - Life’s Simple 7 (Figure1), which include core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure [BP], and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policy makers, media professionals, clinicians, healthcare administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke produce immense health and economic burdens in the United States and globally. The Update also presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease [CHD], heart failure [HF], valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). Since 2007, the annual versions of the Statistical Update have been cited >20 000 times in the literature. From January to July 2017 alone, the 2017 Statistical Update was accessed >106 500 times. |
A digital microfluidic system for serological immunoassays in remote settings
Ng AHC , Fobel R , Fobel C , Lamanna J , Rackus DG , Summers A , Dixon C , Dryden MDM , Lam C , Ho M , Mufti NS , Lee V , Asri MAM , Sykes EA , Chamberlain MD , Joseph R , Ope M , Scobie HM , Knipes A , Rota PA , Marano N , Chege PM , Njuguna M , Nzunza R , Kisangau N , Kiogora J , Karuingi M , Burton JW , Borus P , Lam E , Wheeler AR . Sci Transl Med 2018 10 (438) Serosurveys are useful for assessing population susceptibility to vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks. Although at-risk populations in remote areas could benefit from this type of information, they face several logistical barriers to implementation, such as lack of access to centralized laboratories, cold storage, and transport of samples. We describe a potential solution: a compact and portable, field-deployable, point-of-care system relying on digital microfluidics that can rapidly test a small volume of capillary blood for disease-specific antibodies. This system uses inexpensive, inkjet-printed digital microfluidic cartridges together with an integrated instrument to perform enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). We performed a field validation of the system's analytical performance at Kakuma refugee camp, a remote setting in northwestern Kenya, where we tested children aged 9 to 59 months and caregivers for measles and rubella immunoglobulin G (IgG). The IgG assays were determined to have sensitivities of 86% [95% confidence interval (CI), 79 to 91% (measles)] and 81% [95% CI, 73 to 88% (rubella)] and specificities of 80% [95% CI, 49 to 94% (measles)] and 91% [95% CI, 76 to 97% (rubella)] (measles, n = 140; rubella, n = 135) compared with reference tests (measles IgG and rubella IgG ELISAs from Siemens Enzygnost) conducted in a centralized laboratory. These results demonstrate a potential role for this point-of-care system in global serological surveillance, particularly in remote areas with limited access to centralized laboratories. |
EQcorrscan: Repeating and near-repeating earthquake detection and analysis in python
Chamberlain CJ , Hopp CJ , Boese CM , Warren-Smith E , Chambers D , Chu SX , Michailos K , Townend J . Seismol Res Lett 2018 89 (1) 173-181 EQcorrscan is an open-source Python package for the detection and analysis of repeating and near-repeating seismicity. The package provides reliable, well-Tested, system-Agnostic implementations of matched-filter and subspace detection. Detection can be carried out on machines of diverse architectures, ranging from single-board computers, workstations, and servers to supercomputers and distributed computing environments. The package has been developed in Python to provide readable and user-friendly code and is accompanied by comprehensive and continuously updated documentation and examples. Because the package is written in Python, and extensively leverages ObsPy, EQcorrscan can be run on all major operating systems and can parse most commonly used seismological data formats. In addition to the core detection routines, EQcorrscan includes functions for template creation, stacking (both linear and phase-weighted stacking), magnitude calculation (including singular value decomposition-derived relative moments), event clustering, and others. Numerically intensive routines are written in C to improve efficiency. |
Collaboration in state health departments on the immunization program during the H1N1 response
Redd SC , Kosmos CA . Biosecur Bioterror 2012 10 (1) 155-7 The 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic was the longest and most intense public health response since the improvements in public health preparedness were initiated in the years after the 2001 World Trade Center and anthrax attacks. In addition to this general preparedness and response work, more focused preparations for an influenza pandemic were begun in 2005 with additional resources and focus as the H5N1 virus emerged in Asia and policymakers recognized its potential to cause a catastrophic public health emergency. These preparations undoubtedly set the stage for the work undertaken to respond to the H1N1 pandemic.1 In looking back on the H1N1 pandemic, it is vital that we work to understand what elements of our preparation were most effective and how our response might have been improved, so that we can prepare and respond more effectively in the future. The research reported in this issue of the Journal by Chamberlain and colleagues is an important contribution to what we must learn from the experiences of the H1N1 pandemic.2 The work was conducted by 1 of 9 CDC-funded Preparedness and Emergency Response Research Centers; each pursues multidisciplinary public health systems research aimed at improving the nation's public health system preparedness and response capabilities. | With the aim of improving emergency immunization efforts, the Chamberlain et al article offers insights into the perspectives of immunization program managers on work done before and during the H1N1 immunization program. Although conditions differed in states, there are at least 3 general lessons. The first is that the routine, everyday public health systems are the foundation for public health responses. The second lesson is that an effective planning process must delineate how those everyday systems will be adapted to create a unified response system, where capabilities from multiple public health areas must work together. And third, an exercise and training program is necessary to assure that the people who will be staffing the response understand and have practiced their roles as envisioned in the response plan. We briefly review these 3 lessons and what the Chamberlain et al article teaches us about the collaboration between state preparedness directors and immunization program managers. |
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